{"id":2314,"date":"2020-10-04T11:18:05","date_gmt":"2020-10-04T03:18:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/?page_id=2314"},"modified":"2020-11-02T22:26:27","modified_gmt":"2020-11-02T14:26:27","slug":"estimation-errors","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/junior_summary\/estimation-errors\/","title":{"rendered":"9. \u4f30\u7b97 > \u91cf\u5ea6\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2314\" class=\"elementor elementor-2314\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3f4a555 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3f4a555\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1992d90\" data-id=\"1992d90\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29a0d41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"29a0d41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>9.3\u00a0\u00a0 \u91cf\u5ea6\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee (Errors of Measurement)<\/h2><p>\u91cf\u5ea6\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee \u4fc2\u6307\u91cf\u5ea6\u7d50\u679c(\u5373\u91cf\u5ea6\u503c measured value)\u8207\u5be6\u969b\u6578\u503c(\u6216\u7a31\u70ba\u201c\u771f\u78ba\u503c\u201dtrue value)\u4e4b\u9593\u5605\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002\u800c\u6709\u201c\u8aa4\u5dee\u201d\u5605\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u4fc2\u56e0\u70ba\u7528\u569f\u91cf\u5ea6\u5605\u5de5\u5177\u7cbe\u78ba\u5ea6\u5514\u5920\u3002<\/p><p>\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u4e00\u500b\u53ea\u53ef\u986f\u793a\u201c1\u78c5\u30012\u78c5\u30013\u78c5\u201d\u5605\u96fb\u5b50\u78c5\u4fc2\u5187\u53ef\u80fd\u6e96\u78ba\u5481\u78c5\u5230\u4e00\u888b0.7\u78c5\u5605\u7cd6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7167\u78c5\u5305\u7cd6\uff0c\u500b\u78c5\u597d\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u986f\u793a\u5305\u7cd6\u91cd\u201c1\u78c5\u201d\u3002\u4f9d\u500b\u91cf\u5ea6\u91cd\u91cf\u540c\u5be6\u969b\u91cd\u91cf\u5c31\u67090.3\u78c5\u5605\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><h3>9.3.1.\u00a0 \u7d55\u5c0d\u8aa4\u5dee (Absolute Error)<\/h3><ul><li>\u7d55\u5c0d\u8aa4\u5dee = \u91cf\u5ea6\u503c \uff0d \u5be6\u969b\u6578\u503c<\/li><\/ul><p>\u6216<\/p><ul><li>\u7d55\u5c0d\u8aa4\u5dee = \u5be6\u969b\u6578\u503c\uff0d\u91cf\u5ea6\u503c<\/li><\/ul><p>\u7e3d\u4e4b\u4fc2\u5169\u500b\u6578\u5605&#8221;\u5927\u6e1b\u7d30&#8221;\u503c\u3002<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><h3>9.3.2.\u00a0 \u6700\u5927\u8aa4\u5dee (Maximum Error)<\/h3><p>\u6709D\u540c\u5b78\u5514\u4fc2\u597d\u660e\u54a9\u53eb\u201c\u6700\u5927\u8aa4\u5dee\u201d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u984c\u76ee\u8a71\u6709\u4e00\u672c\u66f8\u5605\u91cd\u91cf\u4fc2\u201c735g (\u6e96\u78ba\u81f3\u514b)\u201d\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u5605\u6700\u5927\u8aa4\u5dee\u5176\u5be6\u4fc2\u672c\u66f8\u5605\u91cf\u5ea6\u503c\uff08735g\uff09\u540c\u5be6\u969b\u91cd\u91cf\u6700\u5927\u5605\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002\u56e0\u91cf\u5ea6\u503c\u4fc2\u201c\u6e96\u78ba\u81f3\u514b\u201d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff1a<\/p><ul><li>\u5982\u679c\u6709\u672c\u66f8\u91cd734.499999g\uff0c\u6211\u54cb\u6703\u8a71\u4f62\u91cd\u201c734g (\u6e96\u78ba\u81f3\u514b)\u201d\uff1b<\/li><li>\u5982\u679c\u6709\u672c\u66f8\u91cd735.55g\uff0c\u6211\u54cb\u53c8\u6703\u8a71\u4f62\u91cd\u201c736g (\u6e96\u78ba\u81f3\u514b)\u201d\u3002<\/li><\/ul><p>\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u898b\uff0c\u984c\u76ee\u4e2d\u672c\u66f8\u5605\u5be6\u969b\u91cd\u91cf\u4fc2\u55ba 734.5g \u540c 735.5g \u4e4b\u9593 \uff08\u5373 734.5 \u2266 \u5be6\u969b\u91cd\u91cf \uff1c 735.5\uff09\u3002\u7559\u610f\u500b\u7bc4\u570d\u5165\u9762\u5605\u201c\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\u7b26\u865f\u201d\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u7b49\u65bc\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u5187\u3002\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u201c\u56db\u62fe\u4e94\u5165\u201d\u5f8c735.5\u6703\u8b8a\u6210736\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5be6\u969b\u91cd\u91cf\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b49\u65bc735.5g\u3002<\/p><ul><li>\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u5927\u8aa4\u5dee = 0.5g<\/li><\/ul><p>\u660e\u767d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4f8b\u5b50\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ad7\u5413\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u53ea\u53ef\u986f\u793a\u201c0\u78c5\u30012\u78c5\u30014\u78c5\u201d\u5605\u78c5\u569f\u8b1b\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u8aa4\u5dee\u4fc2\u5514\u4fc2\u7b49\u65bc1\u78c5\uff08\u56e0\u70ba\u5be6\u969b\u76842.9999\u78c5\u6703\u986f\u793a\u62102\u78c5\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u76843\u78c5\u6703\u986f\u793a\u62104\u78c5\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8ad7\u5f97\u901a\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u4f60\u660e\u767d\u54a9\u4fc2\u201c\u6700\u5927\u8aa4\u5dee\u201d\u3002<\/p><p>\u7531\u6b64\u4e0a\u5169\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u5514\u96e3\u898b\u5230\uff0c<\/p><ul><li>\\(\u6700\u5927\u8aa4\u5dee = \\dfrac{\u7cbe\u78ba\u5ea6}{2} \\)<br \/>(\u7cbe\u78ba\u5ea6 = \u91cf\u5ea6\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u523b\u5ea6\u9593\u8ddd)<\/li><\/ul><h3>\u00a0<\/h3><h3>9.3.3.\u00a0 \u76f8\u5c0d\u8aa4\u5dee (Relative Error)<\/h3><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\\(\u76f8\u5c0d\u8aa4\u5dee = \\dfrac{\u7d55\u5c0d\u8aa4\u5dee}{\u5be6\u969b\u6578\u503c}\\)<\/p><p>\u4f46\u5176\u5be6\u6211\u54cb\u597d\u591a\u6642\u5019\u90fd\u5514\u77e5\u500b\u5be6\u969b\u503c\uff08\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u54cb\u77e5\u5605\u503c\u90fd\u4fc2\u201c\u5ea6\u201d\u51fa\u569f\u5605\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u689d\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\\(\u76f8\u5c0d\u8aa4\u5dee = \\dfrac{\u6700\u5927\u8aa4\u5dee}{\u91cf\u5ea6\u503c}\\)<\/p><h3>\u00a0<\/h3><h3>9.3.4.\u00a0 \u767e\u5206\u8aa4\u5dee (Percentage Error)<\/h3><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u767e\u5206\u8aa4\u5dee = \u76f8\u5c0d\u8aa4\u5dee x 100%<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><h3>9.3.5.\u00a0 \u5be6\u969b\u503c\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u548c\u4e0b\u9650 (Upper Limit and Lower Limit of True Value)<\/h3><p>\u65e2\u7136\u6211\u54cb\u77e5\u9053\u91cf\u5ea6\u51fa\u569f\u5605\u503c\u4fc2\u6709\u8aa4\u5dee\u5605\uff0c\u5481\u597d\u81ea\u7136\u6211\u54cb\u6703\u554f\u5481\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u500b\u503c\u6700\u5927\u540c\u6700\u7d30\u4fc2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e7e\u591a\u3002\u4f9d\u5169\u500b\u201c\u6700\u5927\u540c\u6700\u7d30\u5605\u503c\u201d\u5c31\u4fc2\u201c\u5be6\u969b\u503c\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u548c\u4e0b\u9650\u201d\u3002<\/p><ul><li style=\"list-style-type: none;\"><ul><li>\u5be6\u969b\u503c\u7684\u4e0a\u9650 = \u91cf\u5ea6\u503c + \u6700\u5927\u8aa4\u5dee<\/li><li>\u5be6\u969b\u503c\u7684\u4e0a\u9650 = \u91cf\u5ea6\u503c \u2013 \u6700\u5927\u8aa4\u5dee<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u4f8b1\uff1a\u00a0 \u4e00\u500b\u6b63\u65b9\u5f62\u7684\u91cf\u5ea6\u908a\u9577\u70ba2.3cm\uff0c\u6c42\u6b63\u65b9\u5f62\u7684\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u9762\u7a4d\u3002<br \/>\u89e3\uff1a\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56e0\u984c\u76ee\u63d0\u5230\u201c\u91cf\u5ea6\u201d\u53ca\u201c\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u4fc2\u8a71\u4ffe\u6211\u54cb\u77e5\u8981\u8ad7\u201c\u8aa4\u5dee\u201d\u3002\u5514\u597d\u4ee5\u70ba\u7b54\u6848\u4fc2\u201c\u6b63\u65b9\u5f62\u7684\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u9762\u7a4d = 2.3 x 2.3 = 5.29cm<sup>2<\/sup>\u201d\u3002<\/p><p>\u7559\u610f\u908a\u9577\u7684\u201c\u7cbe\u78ba\u5ea6 \u201d= 0.1 cm\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u8aa4\u5dee = 0.1 \/ 2 = 0.05 cm\u3002<\/p><p>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u6b63\u65b9\u5f62\u7684\u908a\u9577\u4e0a\u9650 = 2.3 + 0.05 = 2.35cm\uff0c<\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6b63\u65b9\u5f62\u7684\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u9762\u7a4d = 2.35<sup>2<\/sup> = 5.5225 cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u540c\u5b78\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u8b58\u5f97\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u540c\u8a5e\u8a9e\uff1a<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-65b20ca elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"65b20ca\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c7ec3ca\" data-id=\"c7ec3ca\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7810375 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7810375\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/junior_summary\/estimation-precision\/\">\n<i class=\"far fa-arrow-alt-circle-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i> \u4f30\u7b97\u7684\u7cbe\u78ba\u5ea6<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9df69b6\" data-id=\"9df69b6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b1af963\" data-id=\"b1af963\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dabe17a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dabe17a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/junior_summary\/inequalities-basic\/\">\u89e3\u8b80\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f <i class=\"far fa-arrow-alt-circle-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8e0cc33\" data-id=\"8e0cc33\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56a2ce7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-sidebar\" data-id=\"56a2ce7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"sidebar.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sidebar-box widget-oceanwp-custom-menu custom-menu-widget clr\"><style type=\"text\/css\">.ocean_custom_menu-5 > ul > li > a, .custom-menu-widget .ocean_custom_menu-5 .dropdown-menu .sub-menu li a.menu-link{font-size:16px;line-height:17px;}.custom-menu-widget .ocean_custom_menu-5.oceanwp-custom-menu > ul.click-menu .open-this{font-size:16px;}<\/style><h4 class=\"widget-title\">DSE\u6578\u5b78 &#8211; \u5fc5\u4fee\u90e8\u5206\u3010\u76ee\u9304\u3011<\/h4><div class=\"oceanwp-custom-menu clr ocean_custom_menu-5 left dropdown-hover\"><ul id=\"menu-dsemaths_core\" class=\"dropdown-menu sf-menu\"><li  id=\"menu-item-1744\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1744\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/course-analysis\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5206\u6790 (Core)<\/a><\/li>\n<li  id=\"menu-item-1745\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children dropdown menu-item-1745\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/junior_summary\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u5514\u597d\u4ee5\u70ba\u5514\u99db\u8003 &#8211; \u76ee\u9304 <span class=\"nav-arrow fa fa-angle-down\"><\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t<li  id=\"menu-item-4067\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4067\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/junior_summary\/solving-equation\/\" class=\"menu-link\">1. \u89e3\u65b9\u7a0b<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  id=\"menu-item-4068\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4068\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/junior_summary\/polynomials\/\" class=\"menu-link\">2. \u591a\u9805\u5f0f<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  id=\"menu-item-4069\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4069\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/junior_summary\/laws-of-indices\/\" class=\"menu-link\">3. \u6307\u6578\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  id=\"menu-item-4070\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4070\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/junior_summary\/factorization\/\" class=\"menu-link\">4. \u56e0\u5f0f\u5206\u89e3<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  id=\"menu-item-4071\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4071\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/junior_summary\/formulae\/\" class=\"menu-link\">5. \u516c\u5f0f<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  id=\"menu-item-4072\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4072\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/junior_summary\/percentage\/\" class=\"menu-link\">6. \u767e\u5206\u6cd5<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  id=\"menu-item-4073\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4073\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/junior_summary\/rate-and-ratio\/\" class=\"menu-link\">7. \u7387\u53ca\u6bd4<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  id=\"menu-item-4074\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4074\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/junior_summary\/functions\/\" class=\"menu-link\">8. \u51fd\u6578<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  id=\"menu-item-4075\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4075\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/junior_summary\/estimation\/\" class=\"menu-link\">9. \u4f30\u7b97<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  id=\"menu-item-4076\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4076\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/junior_summary\/inequalities\/\" class=\"menu-link\">10. 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href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/junior_summary\/shapes\/\" class=\"menu-link\">14. \u5e73\u9762\u53ca\u7acb\u9ad4\u5716\u5f62<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  id=\"menu-item-4082\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4082\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/junior_summary\/15-probability\/\" class=\"menu-link\">15. \u6982\u7387<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  id=\"menu-item-4083\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4083\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/junior_summary\/16-statistics\/\" class=\"menu-link\">16. \u7d71\u8a08<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li  id=\"menu-item-3231\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3231\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/fundamental_algebra\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u57fa\u790e &#8211; \u6578\u8207\u4ee3\u6578<\/a><\/li>\n<li  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href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/non_fundamental-shape_n_space\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u975e\u57fa\u790e &#8211; \u5ea6\u91cf\u3001\u5716\u5f62\u8207\u7a7a\u9593<\/a><\/li>\n<li  id=\"menu-item-3289\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3289\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.study-together.com\/edu\/dse-maths-core\/non_fundamental_data_handling\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u975e\u57fa\u790e &#8211; \u6578\u64da\u8655\u7406<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>9.3\u00a0\u00a0 \u91cf\u5ea6\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee (Errors of Measurement) \u91cf\u5ea6\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee \u4fc2\u6307\u91cf\u5ea6\u7d50\u679c(\u5373\u91cf\u5ea6\u503c m 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